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Hugh Boyle Ewing, (October 31, 1826 – June 30, 1905), was a diplomat, author, attorney, and Union Army general during the American Civil War. He was a member of the prestigious Ewing family, son of Thomas Ewing, the eldest brother of Thomas Ewing, Jr. and Charles Ewing, and the foster brother and brother-in-law of William T. Sherman. General Ewing was an ambitious, literate, and erudite officer who held a strong sense of responsibility for the men under his command.〔 He combined his West Point experience with the Civil War system of officer election. Ewing's wartime service was characterized by several incidents which would have a unique impact on history. In 1861, his political connections helped save the reputation of his brother-in-law, William T. Sherman, who went on to become one of the north's most successful generals.〔 Ewing himself went on to become Sherman's most trusted subordinate. His campaigning eventually led to the near-banishment of Lorenzo Thomas, a high ranking regular army officer who had intrigued against Sherman.〔 He was present at the Battle of Antietam, where his brigade saved the flank of the Union Army late in the day.〔 During the Vicksburg campaign, Ewing accidentally came across personal correspondence from Confederate President Jefferson F. Davis to former President Franklin Pierce which eventually ruined the reputation of the latter.〔〔Robert Melvin to Jefferson Davis, July 22, 1863, in ''(Mississippi in the Confederacy: As They Saw it )'', ed. John K. Bettersworth, pp. 210-12〕〔Crist, pp. 191-93〕 Ewing was also present in Kentucky during Major General Stephen G. Burbridge's "reign of terror", where he worked to oppose Burbridge's harsh policies against civilians, but was hampered by debilitating rheumatism.〔 He ended the war with an independent command, a sign he held the confidence of his superiors, acting in concert with Sherman to trap Confederate Gen. Joseph E. Johnston in North Carolina.〔 After the war, Ewing spent time as Ambassador to the Netherlands and became a noted author. He died in 1905 on his family farm. ==Early life and career== Hugh Ewing was born in Lancaster, Ohio. He was educated at the U.S. military academy, but was forced to resign on the eve of graduation after failing an engineering exam, which was a major embarrassment to his family. While a member of the cadet corps, he was close friends with future Union generals John Buford Jr., Nathaniel C. McLean, and John C. Tidball.〔Longacre, p. 25〕 His father appointed Philip Sheridan to the open seat.〔(Ohio In the Civil War, Trail II "The Generals" ) 〕 During the gold rush in 1849, Ewing went to California, where he joined an expedition ordered by his father, then Secretary of the Interior, to rescue immigrants who were imprisoned in the Sierra by heavy snows.〔 He returned in 1852 with dispatches for the government.〔 He then completed his course in law and settled in St. Louis. He practiced law there from 1854 to 1856, when he moved with his young brother, Thomas Jr., and brothers-in-law William T. Sherman and Hampden B. Denman to Leavenworth, Kansas, and began speculating in lands, roads, and government housing.〔 They quickly established one of the leading law firms of Leavenworth, as well as a financially powerful land agency.〔Rossman 1980, p. 121〕 In 1858, Ewing married Henrietta Young, daughter of George W. Young, a large plantation owner of the District of Columbia, whose family was prominent in the settlement and history of Maryland.〔 He soon afterward took charge of his father's salt works in Ohio.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hugh Boyle Ewing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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